Kajiwara Shōzen 梶原 性全 - Medicine Manuscript

Great Traditional Medicine Manuscript Anatomical teachings, bones, joints, pelvis, hip, shoulder, spine, etc. Spine, spinal cord, circulation and bone, leprosy, Diabetes mellitus Internal organs and vessels 存真環中図 and oracle bones TOKUGAWA SHOGUNATE 1 double sheet = 2 pages Osaka, around 1560-1580 Contents: Japanese Anatomy (UNIKAT) Seikotsu-Jutsu Size: each about 25 cm x 19.5 cm Origin: Honshu, Osaka Prefecture, Sakai-shi Among the treatises, the works by Kajiwara Shōzen (1266–1337) stand out: ‘A Short Outline of Medicine’ (頓医抄, Ton ishō) and ‘Safe Prescriptions’ (万安方, Man'anpō). The former was written to promote dissemination in Kana syllabary. Through the Man’anpō, among others, the anatomical teachings of Cúnzhēn huánzhōng tú (‚Illustration of the internal organs and vessels’, 存真環中図, 1113) came to Japan. Simultaneously, Kajiwara introduced a Japanese terminology in his treatment of leprosy. Noteworthy are further his observations on diabetes mellitus. The groundbreaking precision of the anatomical representations in these works rests on direct observations of cadavers found at execution sites. Some proponents of Japanese osteopathy surpassed even contemporary Western-leaning physicians in the precision of their depictions…. Traditional Japanese Medicine is the medicine in Japan that developed in dialogue with Chinese, Korean, and since the early modern period also Western medicine. Comparative studies of folk medicine in East Asia, Shintoism, as well as traces of ancient healing practices in folk medicine suggest that people on the Japanese archipelago practiced shamanistic rites and purification ceremonies before the Nara period. Some of the few herbs they used served only symbolic purposes. In the oldest work on history and mythology, the Kojiki, and the later Nihon Shoki, there appears a deity Ōkuninushi (also Ōnamuchi or Ōmononushi), who, together with the deity Sukunabikona no Kami, intends to heal people and protect them from dangerous animals by protective magic. At the beginning of medical relations with the Asian mainland are consultation journeys of Korean doctors from the kingdoms of Silla, Paekche, and Goguryeo. Some settled in Japan. Around the mid-6th century, according to tradition, with the arrival of the monk Zhì Cōng, who is said to have brought 164 medical works, direct contacts with the Chinese empire began. Subsequently there were thirteen official Japanese missions (kentōshi). In forming state structures in the 7th and 8th centuries, Japan also oriented itself in medicine and the organization of the medical administration on China. The separation of medical disciplines and the institutions involved mirrored Chinese models. An imperial Health Office (Ten’yakuryō) was established, but it was only for court and nobility. In 787, the Chinese imperial court-supported New Materia Medica (Xīnxiū Běncaǒ, 659) became the obligatory text in the Japanese Health Office, but many of the 844 substances described there were not available in Japan. The next strong impulse came from Tashiro Sanki (田代 三喜, 1465–1537) after a twelve-year stay in China (1486–1498). There he learned the medicine of the Jin Dynasty (also Jurchen Dynasty, 1125–1234) and the Yuan Dynasty, in which the teachings of physicians Li Gao (李杲, alias Li Dongyuan (李東垣), 1180–1251) and Zhu Danxi (朱丹溪, 1281–1358) dominated. The former is known for his Treatise on the Spleen and Stomach (脾胃論, Pí wèi lùn, 1249). Li and Zhu advocated tonifying therapies and, in their theoretical foundation of the relationship between body and environment, i.e., lifestyle, paid particular attention. Here we also see a close connection to the Neo-Confucianism of Zhu Xi (朱熹, 1120–1200), which reached Japan via the Korean kingdom…. I guarantee you the age and originality.

Estimate:£125.14

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